Radiator



' Sept. 12, 1 933. c; A. OLSON ET AL RADIATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. 29, 1930 Sept. 12, 1933. c'. A. OLSON El AL RADIATOR Filed Oct. 29, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jnuf2fo715x C/uzrZesuZ 0/5004. W726 Ja/m Pmw.

.9 M, m WQL MW Patented Sept. 12, 1933' UNITED STATES i Aramorrice I I RADIATOR II Charles A. 0lson Geneva, and" John P. Magos, '7 Chicago, Ill., assignors to Crane 00., Chicago, I 111., a corporation. of Illinois I Application October 29, 1930. Serial No. 49l,993

.1 Claim. (o1. 257 451) I terially by tube design.

It is the purpose of this invention to provide. a radiator of greater efliciency than those heretofore constructed and which will at thesame time be neat and attractive in appearance.

'in a new and novel manner, that is,.they1 are formed in such a manner that a transverseor cross section therethrough is in the form of a modified hypocycloid; that is, the tubes may be termed as being of a modified hypocycloidal section. The term modifiedhypocycloidal is used in as much as a section of, the tube departs from I a true hypocycloid in that no sharp corners are formed and that the two diameters instead of being equal are of different lengths. In other words, the section is formed with a major and a minor axis. It has been found desirable to make the ratio of these two axes approximately,

By constructing the tubes in this formation,

particularly in-this ratio of axes, an increased heating surface is provided yet a minimum sized tube is maintained. The concave section also provides for greater strength of the tube and I permits of a maximum air space between adjacent tubes.

I It has also been found advantageous to provide a certain relationship between the diameters or axes of the modified hypocycloidal section and the thickness of the tube Walls and to arrange the spacing between tubes both as to tubes in the same section and as to tubes in adjacent sections. sirable to arrange the tubes of each section with their minor axesin alignment and parallel to the general plane of the section and with the major axes perpendicular thereto. It has also been found desirable to space the tubes in such a manner that the distance between adjacent sec- In accordance with this invention the individ ual tubesor' columns of a radiator are constructed although it is obvious that the number of col- For example, it has been found detions is equal to or greater than the major axes of a. single tube and also that the distance between centers of adjacent tubes of each section is less than the distance between adjacent tubes of adjoining sections. The spacingmay also, be 6 such that the distance. between adjacent inner walls of adjacent tubes of one section is substantially equal to'the minor axes of a single tube. I

A better understanding will be had, of this invention from a consideration, of thefollowing description given in connection with the drawings, in which: v

Fig. 1 is an end elevation-of an end section of a radiator constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of the endsection shown in Fig.1. I

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 3 of Fig. 1; v Fig. 4 is a section on line 44 of Fig. 1. Fig.5 illustrates the true form of 'a cycloidfrom which .applicants tube, section is a modification or development. I

Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line 6-- 6 of Fig, I through a portion of an assembledradiator illustrating the spacing and. proportions of the tubes.

In the drawings (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) an end section of a three tube or column radiator is shown umns, the number of sections, or the height of the radiator is immaterial so far as this invention is concerned. In Fig; 6 two sections of a three tube radiator are shown in assembled condition. The center sections are substantially the same as the. end sections with the feet omitted.

As can best be seen from Figs. 1 and 5, each section of a radiator comprises three vertical tubes 1, which in section are in-a modified vform of a hypocycloid. The tubes are in communication at their upper ends with an upper header or hub 2 and at their lower ends with a lower header or hub 3. The hub portions are thicker than the tubes and are threaded internally to receive nipples to permit the coupling of any desired num- 1 her of sections to form a complete radiator assembly. The number of sections of course is dethrough a transverse passageS shown more particularly in'Figs. 2 and 3. This passage is also in general of hypocycloidal section. V

Referring more particularly to Fig. 6, it will be seen that each tube as seen in section takes the form of an elongated and otherwise modified hypocycloidthe true form being shown in Fig. 5; The tubes are in effect flattened'in' one direction and elongated in another so that they may be said to have a major and a minor axis er than the minor axis. 7 As can be seen the tubes of each section are arranged with their minor axes X in alignment and parallel to the width or general plane of thesec-v tion and with their major axes X paralleland" perpendicular to the general; plane of the section. The'webs between the tubesare cut out as at 7 to permit circulation of air. The number of cut out portions are dependent upon the height or the section. r

The outer or end tubes may have their outer walls 8 thickened to add structuralstrength. The opposed outer edges terminating at themajor axesof the'outeror end tubes are formed with ribs -9whichprovide a channel orgroove 11 to receive a shield as will later be described. All corners are of course filleted for casting purposes which further depart from a mathematically true hypocycloid, p 7

The tubes of each sectionare so spacedin a direction parallel to their minor axes that'the distance between the adjacent internal surfaces of adjoining tubes, this space being indicated by a, is substantially equal to'the minor axis X of the individual tubes.

The hubs 2 and 3 project beyond the tubes sufficiently to space adjacent sections when assembled a distance at least equal tothe major axes X of the individual tubes. Furthermore, it is preferable that when assembled the distance between centers of adjacent tubes of each section be less than the distance betweenladjacent tubes of. adjoining sections.

As has been previously stated, it is desirable that the duct 6 establishing communication between the tubes of each section be in the form of a modified hypocycloid as is clearly shown in Fig.

. 3 and indicated in Fig. 2.

From the above description and drawings it will be seen that the shape and-formation of the tubes provides an external surface practically equal to that of a circle, whereas the maximum amount of flue area, i. e., air space between tubes is obtained as compared to a round tube. As a or diameter the major axis of course being greatmatter of test it has been found that a greater 7 heat output is obtained in this form than in the round tube form. This is undoubtedly due to the ample space providedfor the heating medium. Also due to the tube formation and spacing, rapid heating and cooling of the radiator is provided which means that the radiator responds more quickly to temperature control.

Other advantages will be apparent from the foregoing description. It is also apparent that minor changes may be made in the. details of construction and formation without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the claim appended hereto.

Weclaim: j w

A radiator of the small tubetype comprising a plurality of connected'sections each section.

comprising'a plurality of interconnected tubes of relatively small diameter, each section being open between tubes to permit the free circulation of air between sections, said tubes in cross section approximating a hypocycloid, the two axes of which are substantially of the ratio seven -to nine and arranged with the minor axes parallel to each other and to the width of the sections and with the major axes perpendicular to the width .of the sections, the distance between adjacent inner walls of adjacent tubes of a. section being substantially equal to the minor axes of a single tube and the space between thetubesof adjacent sections being at least equal to themajor axis of a single tube. CHARLES A. OLSON.

JOHN P. MAGOS. 

